Memory loss in later adulthood can lead to which of the following cognitive changes?

Memory loss in later adulthood often compels individuals to rely more on external aids to assist with memory-related tasks. As cognitive abilities shift, using tools such as planners, reminders, or technology can help compensate for the difficulties experienced in encoding and retrieving information. This adaptive strategy reflects a common adjustment among older adults who face challenges in memory function, allowing them to maintain a degree of independence and manage daily activities effectively.

Enhanced problem-solving skills, inability to learn new vocabulary, and longer attention spans do not typically characterize cognitive changes associated with memory loss in later adulthood. While some individuals may find creative ways to solve problems despite memory issues, these changes are not uniform or guaranteed. Additionally, while vocabulary learning can become more challenging, it is not entirely impossible, and many older adults continue to learn throughout their lives. Finally, attention spans may decrease rather than lengthen, making it more difficult to focus or process information, further emphasizing the need for external memory aids.